Reckonize

The Sprawl

You drive past another new subdivision. Bare dirt where a farm used to be. A sign says 'Coming Soon: 400 homes.' The nearest grocery store is a 15-minute drive.

The System

Canada is paving its best farmland to build houses nobody can afford. The country lost 7.8% of its farmland between 2001 and 2021. Most of it went under subdivisions on the edges of cities.

0M acres

Farmland lost (2001-2021)

0%

Total farmland decline

0M homes

Housing gap by 2030

3.8million acres

Canada lost 3.8 million acres of farmland between 2001 and 2021. That's an area larger than the entire farmland base of Prince Edward Island.

3,200acres

Ontario's Greenbelt alone lost over 3,200 acres to development approvals in 2023 before the government reversed course under public pressure.

ON
?

Let's hear the other side

...and see if it holds water

Canada has a genuine housing crisis — CMHC says we need 3.5 million more homes by 2030. Density is the ideal, but it's s...

The Promise

Governments promised to protect agricultural land and build denser, more sustainable communities. The National Housing Strategy promised 3.87 million new homes.

1973Event

BC creates Agricultural Land Reserve

First provincial farmland protection. Halts 4,000-6,000 ha/year loss.

1978Event

Quebec creates CPTAQ

Commission de protection du territoire agricole. 6.3M hectares protected.

2005Event

Ontario Greenbelt Act

2 million acres in Greater Golden Horseshoe protected.

2017Promise

National Housing Strategy launched

$82B over 10 years, 3.87M homes.

2022Reality

Ford removes 7,400 acres from Greenbelt

Bill 23 opens Greenbelt land for development. Auditor General says enough land already designated.

2023Event

Ford reverses under public pressure

Land returned to Greenbelt after sustained public outcry.

2024Reality

Growth Plan repealed, Highway 413 exempted

Growth Plan for Greater Golden Horseshoe repealed. Bill 212 exempts Highway 413 from Greenbelt.

2024Event

Quebec bans investment funds from buying farmland

Bill 86 introduced. Most significant farmland reform since 1978.

2025Reality

Highway 413 construction begins

Construction begins through Greenbelt-adjacent land.

82billion CAD

The federal government's National Housing Strategy (2017) committed $82 billion over 10 years to build or repair 3.87 million homes by 2028.

The Reality

Housing starts haven't kept pace with population growth. The homes that are being built are mostly low-density sprawl on former farmland. The densification targets exist on paper.

3.5million homes

CMHC estimates Canada needs 3.5 million additional homes by 2030 to restore affordability. Current construction pace falls short by roughly 50%.

What Works

Quebec's CPTAQ has protected agricultural land since 1978. The Netherlands feeds 17 million people on a fraction of Canada's farmland through intensive, smart agriculture and strict land use planning.

Most Canadian provinces have no meaningful farmland protection. Developers buy agricultural land cheap, rezone it, and build low-density subdivisions. The food-producing land is gone permanently.

6.3million hectares

Quebec's CPTAQ (Commission de protection du territoire agricole) has protected 6.3 million hectares of agricultural land since 1978. Developers must apply for exclusion, and most applications are denied.

QC

What You Can Do

Sprawl is a policy choice. Every province can protect farmland the way Quebec does. Every city can zone for density instead of sprawl.

Ask your municipality if it has a farmland protection policy. Most Canadian cities outside Quebec and BC do not. Ontario's Greenbelt was nearly carved up in 2023.

Connected threads

Sources

  1. [1] Statistics Canada — Census of Agriculture — 2021 Census of Agriculture — Land use Link
  2. [2] Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation — National Housing Strategy overview Link
  3. [3] Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation — Housing supply gap analysis Link
  4. [4] CPTAQ (Quebec Farmland Protection Commission) — Rapport annuel 2022-2023 Link